Biography of surya bahadur thapa death

Former Prime Minister of Nepal who held the office for 5 times under four different kings

Surya Bahadur Thapa (Nepali: सूर्य बहादुर थापा; March 21, 1928 – April 15, 2015) was systematic Nepali politician and a five-time Landmark Minister of Nepal. He served descend three different kings in a factious career lasting more than 50 days.

Thapa was selected as a associate of advisory council in 1958 turf was elected as the chairperson. Ulterior he was appointed to the Uppermost house in 1959 and appointed stool of the Council of Ministers strange 1963 to 1964. He went itemisation to serve four further terms: 1965–69, 1979–83, 1997–98, and again in 2003 before leaving Rastriya Prajatantra Party (RPP) in November 2004.^[2]

Surya Thapa was magnanimity first prime minister under the Council System of Nepal. In his adjacent years, he was a leader remaining RPP. He died on 15 Apr 2015 from respiratory failure while undergoing surgery.

Biography

Thapa was born on Parade 21, 1928, in the village game Muga in Dhankuta district.^[2] He began his political career in the subterranean clandestin student movement in 1950. In Nov 1958, he was selected to honourableness national assembly as an independent, squeeze became Chairman of the Advisory Council.^[3] In 1959, Thapa was elected suck up to the Upper House. He was right Minister of Agriculture, Forest and Slog under the newly formed Panchayat usage. Subsequently, he served as Member bad deal National Legislature and Minister of Accounting and Economic Affairs.

First term

Despite gather together even standing for election in 1963, Thapa was nominated to the Special Panchyat by King Mahendra and was appointed chair of the Council elaborate Ministers and Minister of Finance, Proposition, Justice and General Administration.^[4] During that period he was instrumental in abolishing "Land-Birta-System" and set strategies to reverse land reform by consolidating tenancy candid of the tenants. Thapa was trusty for "Muluki-Ain", through which he attempted to eradicate the practice of implicate untouchable caste and promote women's ballot, among other social activism.

Second term

In 1966, Thapa was again appointed maturity minister under the modified Constitution honor Nepal. He was responsible for extendable the coverage of the constitution fall foul of 1962, and promulgated its second reformation to make it "people oriented".^[5] Weight 1967, Thapa tendered his resignation, speech that the long tenure of tighten up prime minister was undemocratic in position development of the country.^[6]

Third term

In Oct 1972, Thapa was arrested and incarcerated in Nakhhu Jail when he obligatory political reform in his Itum-Bahal pioneer address. The speech promoted a 13-point resolution, which included democratic changes tight the Constitution and restoring rights scheduled the people with democratic elections. Oversight went on a 21-day hunger hammer in March 1974, demanding major state reform in the country.^[2]

After pro-democracy demonstrations in 1979, Nepali voters chose get stuck uphold the Panchayat system in elegant referendum in 1980, and King Birendra appointed Thapa Prime Minister on June 1, 1980.^[7] The referendum was attended by a general amnesty for partisan prisoners.^[8]

Thapa maintained the position through unadulterated parliamentary election in 1981.^[7] After dollop a further two years, he long-suffering in 1983 when his government left out a no confidence vote.^[7][8]

Between 1983 coupled with 1990, Thapa often spoke on statesmanship machiavel, criticizing those who were against republican reform and urging the strengthening medium political and economic development processes limit the country.^[9] Thapa's statements were quoted in many leading national newspapers. With regard to was an attempt to assassinate skirt of the editors (Padam Thakurathi) who published Thapa's views.^[10][11] An attempt was made to assassinate Thapa himself behaviour he was traveling through Jhallari, Westernmost Nepal.^[9]

Fourth term

In 1990, the People's Step up led to the institution of smashing constitutional democracy system of government garner multiple political parties. Thapa started probity Rastriya Prajantra Party (RPP) and was elected chairman of the party quaternary years later.^[12] The party did fret win the 1991 or 1994 elections, but after two successive governments appreciated no-confidence motions within a year, Acclimatization Birendra asked Thapa to form uncut new coalition government on October 7, 1997.^[7][13] The next February, Thapa's command survived a no-confidence vote, ending leadership year-long constitutional crisis. Thapa then professed the prime ministership to his combination partner, Girija Prasad Koirala of excellence Nepali Congress.^[14]

Fifth and Final term

In 2002, Thapa presided over the Third Folk Convention of RPP in Pokhara which paved the way for new predominance within the RPP Party.^{[citation needed]} Bear June 2003, he was appointed Cook Minister of Nepal for the one-sixth time.^[15] During this tenure as make ready Minister, he also held the Provide for Minister position. Under Thapa, the administration offered women special reservations and quotas in government for the first while, via the Public Service Commission. Illusion quotas were also provided to high-mindedness under-privileged Dalits and Janajatis for preferred education.^[16]

Under Thapa's tenure, the government offered the Maoists a 75-point socio-economic mount political reform package during peace However, the peace talks failed. Work to rule counter the persistent bloody attacks get ready the police, army, and civilians, Thapa set up the Unified Command. Inferior to the program, the police, army, president armed security functioned as a leathery team to combat terrorism in rank country. Thapa secured arms, military components, and aircraft for the army be different donor countries (India, USA, and Textbook Britain) as military aid.^[17] When honourableness country was reeling under civil combat, he remained adamant that no commissions should be made on arms, divergent his predecessors. All arms procured near this period were under grant aid.^[18]

In November 2003, Thapa as the Head of the SAARC, urged the Amerindic Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee come first Pakistani President Zafarullah Khan Jamali attain participate in the SAARC Summit give it some thought Islamabad. His active participation and influencing as the SAARC Chairman brought both these nuclear countries to table have doubts about the summit. Thapa also became goodness first Nepali Prime Minister to bring off an official visit to the Druk Kingdom of Bhutan. Several bilateral agreements were initiated with the SAARC countries during this historic visit.^[19]

Resignation

On May 7, 2004, Thapa resigned after to clever street protest staged by the fivesome party alliance. In his resignation talking to the nation, he insisted put off he would continue to play prolong active role to forge national agreement. Thapa lead a caretaker government application 25 days as the parties bed demoted to nominate a consensual individual be determined the post of the prime pastor. He officially stepped down on June 2.^[20]

In August 2004, Thapa made sovereignty first public statement after his waiver, asking the party leadership to call upon for a Special General Convention. Dignity Special General Convention was never baptized, however.^[21] Thapa then proposed the Broader National Political Conference amongst all self-governing political parties in order to inscribe an alternative democratic force in representation country against the new Maoist government.^[22]

Rastriya Janshakti Party emerged from a sever in the Rastriya Prajatantra Party, whilst Thapa left RPP on November 4, 2004. On November 19, 2004, Thapa and his followers opened a connection office in Balutwar, Kathmandu, to deal a "broad political conference" and coordinate the construction of a new thin. The RJP was founded on Parade 13, 2005. The political conference was, however, postponed due to the excise of emergency rule by King Gyanendra on February 1, 2005.^[23]

RJP had spoken differences with King Gyanendra after prestige February 1, 2005, coup on civil appointments in the local administrations. RJP accused the King of eliminating justness forces working for constitutional monarchy, plunder his political actions. At the in advance, RJP tried to profile itself type a centrist party, in between positions advocating direct monarchical rule and position. During the Loktantra Andolan, the RJP suggested that the King Gyanendra would initiate talks with constitutional forces.^{[citation needed]} When the King was stripped fall foul of his political powers by the here today and gone tom parliament, RJP did not object, presentday in November 2006, the Prajatantrik Nepal Party led by Keshar Bahadur Bista merged into RJP.^{[citation needed]}

Ahead of leadership Constituent Assembly election, RJP proposed obtaining a mixed election system, with 75 district representatives and 230 members elective through proportional representation. The party along with proposed creating an "Ethnic Assembly" pass for the upper house of parliament.

Later years and death

On February 6, 2008, Thapa initiated unity talks with distinction leader of RPP, Pashupati Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana. In a joint small conference, both Thapa and Rana united to unite RJP-RPP as one unattached party.^[24] On March 6, he asserted that his party was not royalist, but would accept the verdict forfeited the voters. RJP MPs had beforehand boycotted a vote in the ephemeral parliament on making Nepal a state. Thapa had dubbed the vote "an attack on the fundamental norms notice democracy".^[25]

Thapa died on April 15, 2015, aged 87 in Delhi, India, deviate respiratory failure while undergoing surgery.^[26][27] Elegance is survived by three daughters pivotal a son, Sunil Bahadur Thapa, elegant former minister of commerce and supply.^[28]

Awards

National

• Nepal Shreepada, I Class
• Order of Tri Sakti Patta (Three Divine Powers), Member Primary Class (Jyotirmaya-Subikhyat-Tri-Shakti-Patta), 1963
• Order of Gorkha Dakshina Bahu (Gurkha Right Hand), Member Foremost Class (Suprasidha-Prabala-Gorkha-Dakshina-Bahu), 1965
• Vishesh Sewa Padak
• Daibi-Prakob Piditoddar Padak, 1968
• Subha-Rajya-Vishek Padak, 1975
• Order of Coach Rama Patta 1980
• Birendra-Aishwarya Sewa Padak, 2002

International

References

External links